David craig



No. 608,36l;

Pa tented Aug. 2, I898. 11. came.

P U M P (Application filed Mar. 15, 1897.)

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID CRAIG, OF MELROSE, MASSACHUSETTS.

PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 608,361, dated August2, 1898.

Application filed March 15, 1397- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LDAVID ORAIG,of Melrose, county of Middlesex, State ofMassachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Pumps, of whichthefollowing description, in connection with the accompanying, drawings,is a specification, like letters and figures on the drawingsrepresenting like parts.

This invention relates to pumps, and has for its object to improve theconstruction of the operating mechanisms therefor, whereby a rotatingactuator working against a springpressed pistonis adapted to impart areciprocating motion to said piston.

In accordance with this invention a pumpcylinder having an inlet and anoutlet contains the piston, which is adapted to work up and down orreciprocate therein, and means are provided for restraining said pistonfrom rotation as it reciprocates. A disk or plate, hereinafter referredto as the rotatable actuator, is containedin the cylinder and is adapted to be rotated by hand or otherwise, it being located just above saidpiston, andon the adjacent faces of said disk and piston projections areformed or provided which by engagement one with the other cause thepiston to move in one direction as the disk or plate is rotated, saidpiston being returned by means of aspring. The projections which areformed or provided on one of said parts (either upon the disk or plateor upon the piston) are formed with inclined edges oblique to the axisof the rotating disk or plate and with straight edges substantiallyparallel to the axis of said rotating disk or plate, so that the pistonwill be moved positively by engagement of the projections along saidinclined portions and will be permitted to quickly return upondisengagement of said projections. The projections having the inclinededges are thus formed like ordinary ratchet-teeth and are hereinafterreferred to as ratchet-teeth, and as they project from the face ofthedisk or plate or from the face of the piston they appear as crownratchet-teeth. In order that the piston may be returned .its full strokeby means of its return-spring, spaces will be provided between theratchet-teeth. I prefer, however, to form or provide'ratchet-teeth ofthis description on theadjacent faces of both the Serial No. 627,471. onmodel.)

a rotating disk or plate and on the piston, or

in lieu of thus providing each part with ratchetteeth I may form severaldownwardlyprojecting arms on the under side of the rotatable disk orplate, the ends of which will bear upon or against the ratchet-teeth 011the upper side or face of the piston, or, if desired, this may bereversed, so that the piston will have erected upon its upper side orface upwardly-projecting arms adapted to bear upon or againstratchet-teeth 011 the under side or face of the rotatable disk or plate.

The invention further consists in an improved hand-lever for rotatingsaid actuator, which may be extended and locked in its extended positionwhen in use and when not in use may be unlocked and caused to occupy aposition out of the way.

Figure 1 is avertical section of a pump embodying this invention. Fig. 2is a side elevation of the rotatable actuator, showing the crown-ratchetteeth. Fig. 3 is a plan View of the rotatable actuator shown in Fig. 2.Fig. l is a plan view of the piston, showing particularly the crownratchet-teeth formed on the upper side. Fig. 5 is a side elevation ofthe piston shown in Fig. 4:. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the piston,showing the crown ratchet-teeth. Figs. 7 and S are respectively asideelevation and plan View of a modification to be referred to, andFig. 9 is a detail of the hand-lever for revolving the actuator.

A represents the cylinder ofa pump embodying this invention, and a thepiston which is adapted to work up and down or reciprocate within saidpump-cylinder A. A guiding-piston a is secured to or made integral withsaid piston a and projects downwardly from its under side or face into asocket formed in the bottom or base-plate a of said pump -cylinder A. Ihave herein shown said socket as formed as a tube a which projects upthrough the base-plate or bottom of the pump-cylinder and into theinterior of said cylinder A and extends downward below the bottom ofsaid pump-cylinder A, as shown in Fig. 1, and said guidingpiston a isadapted to enter and work withinsaid tube. A spiralspring a is containedin said tube or socket, being located at the bottom thereof, againstwhich said guidingpiston bears, and said spiral spring is adapted tohold the piston A in an elevated position up against a rotatableactuator, to be de scribed. The lower end of said spiral spring (1 restsupon the upper end of a short tube a", which is contained within thetube a, and a threaded nut a fits tightly over the lower end of saidtube a" and abuts against the lower end of said short tube A, and bysuch means the tension of said spiral spring (1 may be regulated oradjusted by turning said nut a up or down. Said pump-cylinder isprovided with an inlet-pipe Z), having an inwardly-opening check-valve,and with an outlet-pipe Z), having an outwardly-opening check-valve. Thepiston a is provided with means for restraining it from rotation, which,as herein shown, consists in forming upon said guiding-piston a twolaterally-projecting lugs (3, one at each side thereof, which mayhavefriction-rolls c mounted upon them, and said lugs c are adapted to enterand work up and down in two oppositely-located vertical slots 0 formedin the side walls of the tube or socket a". The actuating mechanism forthe pump consists in forming crown ratchet-teeth (2 upon the upper sideof said piston (I, as shown in Figs. 1, 1-, 5, and (3, and in providinga rotatable actuator, which 0011- sists of a plate (Z, placed above saidpiston a and having upon its under side crown ratchetteeth (Z, (seeFigs. 2 and 3,) which are so disposed as to engage the crownratchetteeth eon the upper side of said piston a, and said actuator (Z(Z is adapted to be retated by a hand-lever (Z or otherwise, and as itrotates its crown ratchet-teeth (Z engage and slip by or over the crownratchet-teeth e on the upper side of the piston a. A capf is screweddown on the pump-cylinder A, against the interior of which saidrotatable actuator (Z (Z bears, said cap fthus holding said actuator (Z('Z and preventing it from moving away from said piston (t or rising asit is rotated, and being thus held from rising the piston willconsequently be moved against or in opposition to its lifting orrestoring spring.

The projections or ratehet-teeth formed or provided on the plate (Z andthose formed or provided on the piston are formed with i11- clined edgesoblique to the axis of the rotating disk or plate and with straightedges substantially parallel to the axis of said rotating disk or plate,so that the piston will be moved positively by engagement of theprojections along said inclined portions and will be permitted toquickly return ugon disengagement of said projections. \Vhen theactuator (Z (Z' is rapidly rotated, the resilience of the spiral springa is not sullicient to return said piston to its initial or normalelevated position before the actuator will have revolved through a smallare, and as a consequence the crown ratchet-teeth on said actuator (Z (Zwill not engage the crown ratchet-teeth on said piston (L from end toend, but will first engage them part way up-as, for instance, as shownat m, Fig. 5-thus shortening the stroke of the piston 61, and to obviatethis difficulty I may cut away a portion of the teeth, so as to formflat faces 1. 2 53 i, (see Fig. (3,) whereby spaces are provided betweenthe teeth, thus allowing the actuator (Z (Z to 0011- tinuously revolveand give the spiral spring (t time to recover and return the piston toto its normal elevated position before the inclined edges of the nextteeth are brought into operative position, and consequently the strokeof said piston will not be shortened.

The rotatable actuator (Z (Z' may be revolved by a hand-lever d, whichconsists of a long narrow piece of metal having a projection 7!. formedat or near one end and a handle portion a hinged at or to the other end,and a longitudinal slot 11 is formed in its body portion, as shown inFig. i), and the end of a stem 971, secured to or made integral withsaid rotatable actuator (Z cl, is adapted to enter said longitudinalslot a in said hand-lever, and a washer m is secured to the top of saidstem to hold said hand-lever in place.

hen in use, the hand-lever is drawn out from its retracted position(shown by dotted lines in Fig. 9) into its extended position, (shown byfull lines in said figure,) and the stem m of the actuator (Z (1 willslide along the longitudinal slot 91 formed in the hand lever (Z, andthe projection 17., formed on the under side of said hand-lever at ornear its end,will be drawn up upon the face of the capf and will serveto support that end of the handle away from the said cap, thus reducingthe friction between the lever and said cap and also serving to preventwabbling or rocking of said handle, and by its frictional contact withthe face of the cap f will prevent said lever from sliding or slippinglongitudinally, except when forcibly moved in that direction.

As a modification of actuating mechanism for the spring-actuated pistonI may form several downwardly-projecting arms s on the under side of therotatable actuator (Z (Z, fou r such arms being herein shown, (see Figs.'7 and 8,) and their on ds,which may be provided with f riction-rolls s,are adapted to bear upon or against the crown ratchet-teeth on the upperside or face of the piston (t; or, if desired, this construction may bereversed, so that the piston a will have erected upon its upper side orface upwardly-projecting arms adapted to bear upon or against crownratchetteeth on the under side or face of the rotat able actuator (Z (Z.

I have herein shown a spiral spring A as a means of moving the pistonone way, said piston being moved in the opposite way against said springa by a rotatable actuator (Z (,Z; but I desire it to be understood thatin lieu of and as an equivalent for said spiral spring any other form ofspring or elastic cushion may be employed.

I claim J. In a pump, a pump-eylinder, having an IIS inlet and anoutlet, a spring-pressed piston working therein and a revoluble actuatortherefor, crown ratchet-teeth on the adjacent face of one of said partslocated short distances apart to thereby provide spaces between the endof one tooth and the beginning of the next tooth, and projections on theother part which engage said ratchet-teeth to move the piston one wayand which enter and bottomin said spaces to permit full return stroke ofthe piston, substantially as described.

2. In a pump, a pump-cylinder, having an inlet and an outlet, anactuator and a springpressed piston, the adjacent faces of said partsprovided with projections, a tube in which the piston works, anadjustable nut on the lower end of said tube, and a short tube in thetube containing the piston adapted to control the pressure of the springagainst the piston by adjustment of the nut, whereby the piston isreciprocated and its action controlled, substantially as described.

3. In a pump, a pump-cylinder, having an inlet and an outlet, aspring-pressed piston working therein provided on one face with a seriesof crown ratchet-teeth located short distances apart to thereby providespaces between the end of each tooth and the beginning of the nexttooth, a revoluble actuator provided on one face with projections whichengage the ratchet-teeth of the piston to move it one way and whichenter and bottom in the spaces between said ratchet-teeth to permit fullreturn stroke of thepiston', and means for restraining the piston fromrotation, substantially as described.

4. In a pump, a pump-cylinder, having an inlet and an outlet, aspring-pressed piston Working therein, crown ratchet-teeth on theadjacent face of one of said parts located short distances apart tothereby provide spaces between the end of one tooth and the beginningof. the next tooth, and crown ratchet-teeth on the other part whichengage said ratchet- .teethto move the piston one way and which enterand bottom in said spaces to permit full return stroke of the piston,substantially as described.

5. In a pump, a pump-cylinder, having an inlet and an outlet, aspring-pressed piston working therein provided on one face with a seriesof crown ratchet-teeth located short distances apart to thereby providespaces between the end of each tooth and the beginning of the nexttooth, means for restraining it from rotation consisting of a socket onsaid cylinder having Vertical slots through its walls and a rod on saidpiston having projections, the piston adapted to reciprocate in thesocket and the projections to slide in the slots, substantially asdescribed.

(5. In a pump, an adjustable operating-1ever for rotating the actuatorof said pump, a projection formed at one end, a handle portion hinged tothe other end and a longitudinal slot formed in said operating-lever toadj ustably connect it to the actuator, whereby, when saidoperating-lever is extended to operate the pump said projection willengage the cap of the pump-cylinder and raise and frict-ionally holdsaid operating-lever in its extended position and when not in use saidoperating-lever may be moved and lowered to occupy a position out of theway, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed myname to this specification in thepresence of

